Alas, I return to the keyboard. It has been dusted off and I am ready to write. Life has been increasingly busy and my efforts have been directed toward my work at the Law Firm and establishing my new consulting business. Once you read through this blog you will understand why it took me two weeks to get it posted. There is a lot of information to be considered.
It was almost by accident that I stumbled upon what is now of great interest of mine. All over this country there are locations saturated by toxic substances. Such substances have been either dumped, leaked, "forgotten about" or otherwise mysteriously placed at these sites. It is invariably the case that these locations and the substances thereby rendering them hazardous and in many cases fatal were put in their current place by the same corporations that built your car, donated to your local YMCA, manufactured the materials that build your house and give your house the energy it needs to satisfy yourself and those who reside there with you. Additionally these are the corporations that stabilize your local, state and national economy. All such elements are indeed of value to a society but the question that lingers is clear. At what cost are the said elements of value arrived at?
The purpose of this blog posting is not dive head long into the wealth of information and studies of morbidity with regards to the cause and effect relationship between those whom have suffered at the hands of the the individuals and corporations within the asbestos industry. However, a statement of impact should be recognized.
Asbestos related diseases including Asbestosis, Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma kill ten-thousand people a year and recent data that has been disclosed by the Environmental Protection Agencies of both the state and federal authority indicates that because the relationship between Asbestos exposure and the onset of Asbestos related diseases, 10,000 deaths a year is low end estimate.
The industrial chemicals that are used by manufacturing plants are by no stretch of the imagination safe. In many cases the solvents used by tanneries, chemical engineering plants, military engineers, warship builders, automobile manufactures and even companies that provide canned food and crayons have a profile of toxic substances that lists longer than the grocery list of a small Mormon community. Evidencing this is, are what the EPA calls "Superfund" sites. Superfund sites are the nation's worst toxic waste sites: 1,305 are scheduled for cleanup on the National Priorities List (NPL). About 11 million people in the U.S., including 3-4 million children, live within 1 mile of a federal Superfund site and confront potential public health risks. Scorecard profiles the risks these sites pose to public health and the environment. Scorecard ranks sites by how high they scored in EPA's Hazard Ranking System, and states and counties by number of Superfund sites.
The EPA claims to be impartial however, after scrutinizing which of these Superfund sites are associated with major corporations, one will start to see that the system which was set in place by the EPA for purposes of being in compliance with legislation that was passed in the early part of 20th century and more recently the Superfund Act of 1986. It seems that compliance with the Superfund Act and other relevant legislation has brought on more of a problem recognizing system opposed to a problem solving system. Many of the Superfund sites have been labled dilapidated for some twenty years now. Further, many have been consequential to the communities around them. Pregnant women and children most commonly the victims of exposure. One famous and mortifying case can be found in Ringwood New Jersey where Ford Automotive Company dumped toxic solvents and paint that were laced with but not toxicity is not limited to trichlorethelene (TCE) , Xylene, Benzene and Benzene derivatives and Lead. Other Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) have been detected and found to dramatically exceed levels that can be rendered safe. Women and children have been plagued with Leukemia and other malignant and non-malignant diseases that have been causally linked with exposure to heavy metals and solvents. For more PLEASE go to http://www.toxiclegacy.com/
Another case, which inspired Johnathan Harr to write the Non-fiction book A Civil Action can be found in a small town outside Boston called Woburn. Extremely high incidence illness and childhood death due to Leukemia was exposed and shown to be the result of the massive dumping and burial of drums full of TCE (trichloralethylene) and Tetrachloroethylene or otherwise known as PERC by Beatrice Chemicals, J.J. Riley Tannery and the bankrupt Asbestos defendant, as well as historically sketchy W.R. Grace. These two incidents should not be taken lightly and should not be considered isolated events. 1,305 locations have been labled Superfund sites however, the potential for toxic exposure to the same and other fatal substances remains inflated.
The California East Bay portion of the SF Bay Area has three sites that have been determined by the EPA as National Priority Cleanup sites. Essentially, to qualify for this status under the EPA a site has to be EXTREMELY TOXIC. Both water and air test samples has to have a toxicity factor that can be understood as lethal when exposed to small amounts. I grew up in and around these areas and I have listed below a detailed summary of what the EPA has found and where the locations are. Please inquire further should you misunderstand the chemistry or any substance(s) I hope to be posting a summary on basic Chemistry as it relates to being exposed to hazardous substances in both the organic and inorganic states.
Alameda County, Oakland California AMCO Superfund Site
Site Name:
AMCO CHEMICAL
EPA ID:
CA0001576081
Address:
1414 THIRD STOAKLAND, CA 94617
Site Ownership:
Unknown
Category of Site:
No data
Date of Final Listing on the NPL:
September 29, 2003
Conditions at Proposal (April 30, 2003): The AMCO Chemical site (AMCO) is part of a 0.83-acre property at 1414 Third Street in a mixed residential and light industrial area of Oakland, California. The property is bordered on the north by a vacant lot, on the west by residences, on the east by Nelson Mandela Parkway, and on the south by Third Street. A recently constructed elevated portion of the Interstate-880 (I-880) freeway is located immediately across Third Street from the property. The property (at 1401 Third Street) was historically occupied by Bobo's Junkyard. From the 1960s to 1989, the AMCO site was occupied by AMCO Chemical Company. AMCO operated a chemical distribution facility that included a warehouse, railroad spur, above-ground tanks, underground tanks, and drums used to transfer and store raw materials. In July 1988, the Oakland Fire Department observed "leaking/rotting drums" on the property. A subsequent emergency response investigation by Alameda County and the U.S. Coast Guard revealed greater than 100 full and empty 5- and 55-gallon weathered drums in an open area behind AMCO Chemical's main building. Stenciled labels on the drums indicated that the contents included acetone; 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA); methyl ethyl ketone; and dry-cleaning solvent. From 1989 to November 1998, DC Metals operated a scrap metal yard on the site. Cable Moore, Inc., currently uses the site for cable storage. Structures remaining on site include an office building, warehouse, and two small storage buildings.
In June 1995, a construction crew noted odors at the intersection of Third Street and Nelson Mandela Parkway, while excavating a trench needed to relocate an underground electrical line in preparation for a freeway project. Subsequent subsurface investigation by California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), DC Metals, and EPA revealed the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including vinyl chloride in soil, soil gas, and shallow ground water at the AMCO site, beneath Third Street, and at the 1401 Third Street property (former Bobo's Junkyard). On December 5, 1996, the EPA Emergency Response Office initiated a removal action at the AMCO site that involved the construction of a ground water and soil vapor extraction (SVE) treatment system. The EPA treatment system collection trench was excavated from December 5 through December 20, 1996. By December 23, 1996, the trench had been lined with a silt curtain, filled with gravel, and covered with a tarp. Cement was poured to permanently cover the trench on January 8, 1997. The treatment system operated from January 1997 through July 1998 and extracted approximately 7,000 pounds of VOCs, approximately 40 pounds of which were vinyl chloride. Operation of the system ceased in July 1998, due to community concern over the potential for a release of dioxins from the thermal oxidation unit. On December 5 and 14, 1996, during construction of the treatment system collection trench, the EPA On-Scene Coordinator observed shimmering vapors emanating from the open trench. SUMMA (tm) canister sampling indicated the presence of vinyl chloride; methylene chloride; 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA); and trichloroethene (TCE) in the immediate area of the trench. In addition, one SUMMA canister sample collected from in front of a residence adjacent to the site contained TCE. The EPA conducted several sampling events on and adjacent to the AMCO site between 1997 and 2000. VOCs continued to be detected in soil, soil gas, and ground water on site. In September 1999, SUMMA canister samples were collected from the crawl spaces of three residences located adjacent to the site. Vinyl chloride was detected in the three crawl spaces at 0.02 to 0.045 parts per billion by volume (ppbv). There are 626 people living within a quarter of a mile of the source. There are also approximately three workers on site. Status (September 2003): EPA is considering various alternatives for this site.
Detected Hazards
Contaminants Detected Profile
GroundWater --- YES
SurfaceWater --- YES
Air --- YES
Soil --- YES
Other
1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
1,1-DICHLOROETHANE
1,2,3-TRICHLOROBENZENE
1,2,4-TRICHLOROBENZENE
1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE
1,2-DICHLOROBENZENE
1,2-DICHLOROETHANE
1,3-DICHLOROBENZENE
1,4-DICHLOROBENZENE
1-ISOPROPYL-4-METHYLBENZENE
2-PHENYLBUTANE
CHLOROBENZENE
CHLOROETHANE
CIS-1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE
CUMENE
DICHLOROMETHANE
MESITYLENE
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
N-PROPYLBENZENE
NAPHTHALENE
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
VINYL CHLORIDE
Alameda Naval Air Station (this should not be a surprise almost all former Naval stations are full of toxic hazards)
Site Name: ALAMEDA NAVAL AIR STATION
EPA ID: CA2170023236
Address:
W END CITY OF ALAMEDA, ALAMEDA, CA 94501
Other Names:
NAVAL AIR STATION ALAMEDA
Site Ownership:
Federally Owned
Category of Site:
No data
Date of Final Listing on the NPL:
July 22, 1999
Conditions at Proposal (May 10, 1999): Alameda Naval Air Station's mission was to maintain and operate facilities and provide support services for fleet aviation activities of the U.S. Navy. Historically, the site was occupied by BORAX processing plan t, an OIL refinery, and an airport for the city of Alameda. In 1 930, the site was purchased by the U.S. Army. In 1936, the U.S. Navy acquired the site and in 1940, the site was officially commissioned. Currently, the site covers approximately 1,600 acres of dry land and 1,000 acres of submerged land on the island of Alameda, California. The eastern portion of the site is devoted to office space, residential housing, and industrial facilities. Run ways and support facilities occupy the western part of the site. The facility was closed by the Navy in 1997. The U.S. Navy's Initial Assessment Study identified 12 potential hazardous waste sources at Alameda Naval Air Station (NAS), four of which were ultimately recommended for further investigation. However, the California Environmental Protection Agency, department of Toxic Substances Control (formerly known as the California Department of Health Services, Toxic Substances Control Division), identified 16 additional sources at the site in a Remedial Action Order to the U.S. Navy. Subsequently five more sources w ere also identified. Consequently, remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) activities are being conducted at 25 areas on site, including the West Beach Landfill. The West Beach Landfill occupies approximately 110 acres in the southwestern corner of the site. Approximately seventeen of these acres are now marshland. The West Beach Landfill is bordered to the west and south by the San Francisco Bay, and to the north and east by runways.
Materials reportedly disposed of in the northeast portion of the West Beach Landfill include polychlorinated BIPHENYL (PCB)-contaminated transformer oils, PCB-contaminated TAC rags, and carbonless paper containing PCBS. The southwest p ortion of the landfill was used for the disposal of PCB-contaminated dredge spoils, which for the most part came from Alameda Nava l Air Station's pier areas, turning basin, and entrance channel. Analytical results of samples collected from the southwest porti on of the landfill indicated the presence of PCBS up to 483.9 MIC rograms per kilogram. Approximately 17 acres of marsh cover most of the southwest portion of the West Beach Landfill. Results of a preliminary wet land delineation study identified wetland hydrology, hydric soils , and hydrophytic vegetation (as outlined in the 1987 Corps of Engineer Wetland Delineation Manual) in the West Beach Landfill marsh. The West Beach Landfill marsh is dominated by pickle weed, an obligate wetland species. Property which has been identified as uncontaminated at Alameda NAS by the Navy pursuant to CERCLA Section 120(h)(4)(a), which has received regulatory agency concurrence pursuant to 120(h)(4 )(b), is not part of the NPL site. Parcel Numbers 39, 60, 63, 93, 101, and 194 were identified and concurred on as uncontaminated, and therefore, are not part of the Alameda NAS NPL site. If additional uncontaminated property at Alameda NAS is identified in the future and receives appropriate regulatory agency concurrence, it will not be considered part of the NPL site. By definition, the NPL site consists of locations where releases of hazardous substances have occurred.
If information becomes available indica ting that parcels previously thought to be uncontaminated are in fact impacted by hazardous substances, these releases will be considered part of the NPL site. The NAS Alameda NPL listing is not intended to include the subsurface soil contamination layer known as the former marsh crust and sub tidal area. This 1 to 2 foot thick layer of soil contaminated with POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHS) is buried an average depth of 8 to 15 feet below ground surface throughout most of the facility. Currently, a feasibility study has been drafted for the former marsh crust and sub tidal area, and EPA anticipates that an institutional control will be implemented to address this issue towards the end of 1999. Before the Navy can transfer portions of the base property that are otherwise clean, it must satisfy CERCLA 120(h) requirements for closing military bases. Any other hazardous substance releases from the facility are included in this NPL listing. Status (July 1999): EPA is considering various alternatives for this site. [The description of the site (release) is based on information available at the time the site was scored. The description ma y change as additional information is gathered on the sources and extent of contamination. See 56 FR 5600, February 11, 1991 or subsequent FR notices.]
Contaminants Detected Profile
GroundWater
SurfaceWater --YES
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
Don't be fooled by there only being one contaminant detected. Substances such a PCBs are EXTREMELEY dangerous when detected in surface water.
Lawrence Livermore Lab (don't be suprised to see the state of affairs here is BAD, this site is owned by Uncle Sam)
Site Name:
LAWRENCE LIVERMORE LABORATORY (USDOE)
EPA ID:
CA2890012584
Address:
7000 EAST AVELIVERMORE, CA 94550
Other Names:
LAWRENCE LIVERMORE LAB (USDOE)
Site Ownership:
Federally Owned
Category of Site:
Federal Facility
Date of Final Listing on the NPL:
July 22, 1987
California Conditions at proposal (October 15, 1984): Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) covers about l square mile and is situated about 3 miles east of the densely populated city of Livermore, Alameda County, California. It was first used in the 1940s as a Naval Air Station. In 1952, it was transferred to the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and established as a nuclear weapons and magnetic fusion energy research facility. It is now operated by the University of California for the owner, the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE). Throughout its history, hazardous materials have been used, stored, and disposed of on the property. Solvents, PETROLEUM, and other organic chemicals used on-site have been found in the soils and ground water both on-site and off-site. Sources of discharge of hazardous materials into the ground water at the site include two known landfills where solvents and other chemicals were disposed of, as well as outdoor storage facilities, underground tanks, and pipelines. In September 1984, the California Department of Health Services (CDHS) issued an Order for Compliance to LLNL to provide alternative water supplies to residents west of the facility whose wells had been contaminated by hazardous substances from LLNL. The order also directed LLNL to conduct a ground water investigation. Status (July 22, 1987): In November 1985, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB) issued an order directing LLNL to investigate and clean up the on-and off-site contamination. In response, LLNL has been investigating the source and the vertical and lateral extent of the contamination of soil and ground water. In 1986, a plume of ground water contaminated with VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, primarily TETRACHLOROETHYLENE, was found to have migrated 3,600 feet west of LLNL. LLNL (with oversight from EPA, CRWQCB, and CDHS) is continuing to investigate the extent of soil and ground water contamination at the facility. To date, LLNL has installed over 160 monitoring wells.
EPA is currently negotiating an Interagency Agreement with USDOE and LLNL to cover cleanup activities under CERCLA Section 120. LLNL has applied for permits under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) for an incinerator and for a new treatment and storage facility. To date, no other RCRA units have been identified requiring closure or corrective action. Within the boundaries of this Federal facility, there are areas subject to the RCRA Subtitle C corrective action authorities. However, no such areas were included in scoring this specific site. Therefore, this Federal facility site is being placed on the Federal section of the NPL under the NPL/RCRA policy announced on September 8, 1983 (48 FR 40662).
SPECIAL TO THIS SITE THE EPA TELLS US THE FOLLOWING FUN FACT
Both on- and off-site groundwater are contaminated with VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCS) and CHROMIUM. Fuel HYDROCARBONS including BENZENE and ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE, the heavy metal LEAD, and TRITIUM appear only in wells on site. Soil excavated from the site was contaminated with solvents, radioactive wastes, HEAVY METALS, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS), and fuel HYDROCARBONS. Soils remaining on site contain VOCS, TRITIUM, PCBS, fuel HYDROCARBONS, and inorganic substances. People may face a health threat if they ingest or come in direct contact with contaminated water or soil.
Groundwater and Drinking Water
Were drinking water wells shut down due to contamination?
Yes
Population served by the wells now shut down:
101 - 500
Are drinking water wells potentially threatened?
Yes
Population served by the threatened wells:
10,001 - 100,000
Aquifer discharges into:
A drinking water aquifer
Surface water
Population served by water wells in the aquifer:
10,001 - 100,000Contaminants Detected Profile
Contaminants Detected
GroundWater --Yes
SurfaceWater -- Yes
Air --- Likely
Soil --- Yes
Other ---- STUDIES AND ASSESMENTS STILL PENDING
CHLOROFORM
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
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BJM -- Unedited 5/27/2007